Good balance helps people walk with confidence and avoid falls. Balance depends on the feet, muscles, and nervous system working together. Age, an injury, or reduced foot sensation can interfere with this process. Foot pain and weak ankle muscles can make a person feel less steady. Balance exercises can improve control by teaching the body to respond to changes in position. Patients with recent injuries, severe dizziness, or frequent falls are at risk of falling. Exercises can be prescribed by a podiatrist. They should be performed near a sturdy counter or railing for support, while wearing shoes with soles that grip the floor.

A podiatrist can determine whether a foot or ankle problem is affecting balance. The evaluation includes checking joint movement, muscle strength, and sensation. Care can include customized balance exercises, wearing supportive shoes, or custom orthotics. Orthotics are shoe inserts made to improve stability and distribute pressure evenly. A podiatrist can explain which exercises are appropriate, and how often to perform them. Movements should remain controlled. Stop if pain, dizziness, or unusual weakness develops. Follow-up visits can track progress and allow the exercise plan to be adjusted safely. 

Several exercises can improve balance without special equipment. For a one-leg stand, hold a stable surface, lift one foot, and keep the standing knee relaxed. Hold briefly, lower the foot, and repeat on the other side. A heel-to-toe walk involves placing one foot directly in front of the other while looking ahead. Sideways walking can improve coordination. Take slow steps to one side, bring the feet together, and then reverse direction. A low step-up can strengthen the legs and ankles. Use a railing, place one foot on the step, and rise slowly before stepping down. If you have injured your foot or ankle from falling,  it is suggested that you schedule an appointment with a podiatrist for a diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Preventing falls among the elderly is very important. If you are older and have fallen or fear that you are prone to falling, consult with Emil Babayev, DPM from New York. Our doctor will assess your condition and provide you with quality advice and care.

Every 11 seconds, an elderly American is being treated in an emergency room for a fall related injury. Falls are the leading cause of head and hip injuries for those 65 and older. Due to decreases in strength, balance, senses, and lack of awareness, elderly persons are very susceptible to falling. Thankfully, there are a number of things older persons can do to prevent falls.

How to Prevent Falls

Some effective methods that older persons can do to prevent falls include:

• Enrolling in strength and balance exercise program to increase balance and strength
• Periodically having your sight and hearing checked
• Discuss any medications you have with a doctor to see if it increases the risk of falling
• Clearing the house of falling hazards and installing devices like grab bars and railings
• Utilizing a walker or cane
• Wearing shoes that provide good support and cushioning
• Talking to family members about falling and increasing awareness

Falling can be a traumatic and embarrassing experience for elderly persons; this can make them less willing to leave the house, and less willing to talk to someone about their fears of falling. Doing such things, however, will increase the likelihood of tripping or losing one’s balance. Knowing the causes of falling and how to prevent them is the best way to mitigate the risk of serious injury.  

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our offices located in Midwood and Kensington in Brooklyn, NY . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.

A walking abnormality means a person does not walk with their usual pattern. This pattern is called gait. Changes in gait can develop slowly after an injury or health problem develops. Symptoms include limping, uneven steps, or dragging a foot. Foot pain can also alter walking. Arthritis may cause stiffness and discomfort that changes how pressure moves through the feet and ankles. Foot deformities, including bunions, hammertoes, and flat feet, can affect normal gait.

There are several types of gait abnormalities, and each can look different. A spastic gait may involve stiff leg movements and limited flexibility. A scissoring gait causes the legs to cross toward the middle while walking. A propulsive gait often includes a forward-leaning posture with short steps. Limping may also occur. Risk factors include arthritis, nerve problems, and poor footwear. Age-related changes may also affect balance.

A podiatrist can assess an abnormal gait by reviewing symptoms, examining the feet and ankles, and watching how a person walks. The evaluation may include checking joint movement, muscle strength, foot structure, and tenderness. X-rays or other imaging tests may be recommended when arthritis, an injury, or a deformity needs evaluation. Treatment depends on the underlying cause. A podiatrist may recommend wearing supportive footwear or activity changes. Care may also focus on reducing pain and improving foot alignment.

Addressing a gait abnormality can help protect the feet from added stress. Early care from a podiatrist reduces the chance of developing pain in the ankles, knees, or lower back. Because an unusual walking pattern can have several causes, identifying the source is an important first step. A podiatrist can create a treatment plan based on your needs. If you have a gait abnormality and walking becomes painful, it is suggested that you consult a podiatrist for relief and management solutions.

If you have any concerns about your feet, contact Emil Babayev, DPM from New York. Our doctor can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

Biomechanics in Podiatry

Podiatric biomechanics is a particular sector of specialty podiatry with licensed practitioners who are trained to diagnose and treat conditions affecting the foot, ankle and lower leg. Biomechanics deals with the forces that act against the body, causing an interference with the biological structures. It focuses on the movement of the ankle, the foot and the forces that interact with them.

A History of Biomechanics

• Biomechanics dates back to the BC era in Egypt where evidence of professional foot care has been recorded.
• In 1974, biomechanics gained a higher profile from the studies of Merton Root, who claimed that by changing or controlling the forces between the ankle and the foot, corrections or conditions could be implemented to gain strength and coordination in the area.

Modern technological improvements are based on past theories and therapeutic processes that provide a better understanding of podiatric concepts for biomechanics. Computers can provide accurate information about the forces and patterns of the feet and lower legs.

Understanding biomechanics of the feet can help improve and eliminate pain, stopping further stress to the foot.

If you have any questions please feel free to contact our offices located in Midwood and Kensington in Brooklyn, NY . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot and ankle needs.

A gait abnormality is an unusual walking pattern that affects how a child places the feet, moves the legs, or maintains balance while walking. Normal gait develops as children grow, but changes in walking can sometimes indicate pain, weakness, or an underlying condition. One common example is an antalgic gait, which is caused by pain. A child with an antalgic gait may spend less time bearing weight on the affected side, and quickly shift weight to the opposite leg. Other causes include leg length discrepancy, flat feet, and joint problems. Early recognition can help prevent worsening discomfort and movement limitations.

Symptoms of gait abnormalities can vary depending on the underlying cause. Parents may notice limping, uneven steps, walking on the toes, or reluctance to participate in physical activities. Children may also complain of foot, ankle, or lower back pain. Risk factors include congenital foot differences, developmental problems, and significant differences in leg length. 

A podiatrist can evaluate the child’s walking pattern and determine whether the problem originates in the feet, ankles, or another part of the lower body. Treatment begins with a medical history and physical examination, followed by gait assessment and an evaluation of foot alignment. They may also look at joint movement, muscle strength, and leg length. Imaging may be recommended when structural concerns are suspected. Treatment can include wearing supportive footwear, custom orthotics, or treatment for an underlying foot condition. A leg length discrepancy may require specific correction based on its severity and cause.

Early treatment can improve walking efficiency, reduce pain, and support healthy movement as a child develops. Parents should not ignore persistent limping or noticeable changes in walking, especially when symptoms interfere with school, sports, or daily activities. If your child has developed an unusual walking pattern, it is suggested that you consult a podiatrist for a thorough evolution and proper management and treatment solutions. 

The health of a child’s feet is vital to their overall well-being. If you have any questions regarding foot health, contact Emil Babayev, DPM of New York. Our doctor can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

Tips for Keeping Children's Feet Healthy

• Make sure their shoes fit properly
• Look for any signs of in-toeing or out-toeing
• Check to see if they have Clubfoot (condition that affects your child’s foot and ankle, twisting the heel and toes inward) which is one of the most common nonmajor birth defects.
• Lightly cover your baby’s feet (Tight covers may keep your baby from moving their feet freely, and could prevent normal development)
• Allow your toddler to go shoeless (Shoes can be restricting for a young child’s foot)
• Cut toenails straight across to avoid ingrown toenails
• Keep your child’s foot clean and dry
• Cover cuts and scrapes. Wash any scratches with soap and water and cover them with a bandage until they’ve healed.

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our offices located in Midwood and Kensington in Brooklyn, NY . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.

Some diseases that affect the entire body can also produce noticeable problems in the feet. Peripheral artery disease, or PAD, is one example. PAD develops when atherosclerosis causes arteries in the legs to become narrowed. Atherosclerosis is the buildup of fatty material called plaque inside artery walls. As the arteries narrow, less blood can reach the lower legs and feet. Some people with PAD have no noticeable symptoms, while others experience discomfort when walking. Because the feet are far from the heart, circulation problems can become especially noticeable in this area of the body.

Foot-related signs of peripheral artery disease can become more serious as blood flow decreases. The feet may feel cool, while the skin can become thin or pale. Hair loss may also occur on the lower legs and feet. Some people develop aching or burning pain even while resting. More advanced PAD can lead to painful sores on the toes or heels that may have difficulty healing. Severe loss of circulation can eventually damage tissue. PAD is considered a systemic disorder because atherosclerosis may affect arteries elsewhere in the body as well. Diabetes, high blood pressure, and increasing age are among the factors associated with greater PAD risk.

A podiatrist can play an important role in recognizing changes in the feet that may indicate poor circulation. A foot examination can identify skin changes, sores, or abnormal pulses that may require further medical evaluation. Testing may also be needed to determine how well blood is reaching the lower extremities. Because reduced circulation can interfere with healing, professional foot care is particularly important when wounds or other skin problems develop. A podiatrist can provide appropriate foot care while coordinating with other medical professionals when necessary. If you notice persistent foot pain, skin changes, or slow-healing sores, it is suggested that you consult a podiatrist for an evaluation and appropriate treatment options.

When dealing with systemic disease of the feet, it is extremely important to check the affected areas routinely so that any additional problems are caught quickly.  If you have any concerns about your feet and ankles contact Emil Babayev, DPM from New York. Our doctor will assist you with all of your podiatric needs.

Systemic Diseases of the Feet

Systemic diseases affect the whole body, and symptoms usually are displayed in the feet. This condition can make a patient’s ability to walk unbearable.  Systemic diseases include gout, diabetes mellitus, neurological disorders, and arthritis.

Gout – is caused by an excess of uric acid in the body. Common symptoms include pain, inflammation, and redness at the metatarsal/phalangeal joint of the base big toe. Gout can be treated by NSAIDs to relieve pain and inflammation, and other drugs that lower the acid levels in the body.

Diabetes mellitus – is an increase in the level of blood sugar that the body cannot counteract with its own insulin. Failure to produce enough insulin is a factor in Diabetes.

Diabetes of the Feet

Diabetic Neuropathy – may lead to damaged nerves and affect the feet through numbness and loss of sensation.

Peripheral Vascular Disease – can restrict the blood flow to the feet, and often times lead to amputation of the feet. 

If you have any questions please contact our offices located in Midwood and Kensington in Brooklyn, NY . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot and ankle needs.